Non-Parametric Computational Measures for the Analysis of Resource Productivity

In this study, we assumed that 28 European countries (Decision Making Units (DMUs)) aimed to accomplish higher economic outputs, using fewer resources and producing emissions in the form of environmental degradation. context, studied drivers total factor productivity change (TFPCH) DMUs, associated with either managerial capabilities (efficiency (EC)) or innovations (technical (TC)) resource-saving production methods, before after integration CO2 (carbon dioxide) as an additional variable (undesirable output) initial model one output (gross domestic product (GDP)) five inputs (labor, capital, energy, material consumption recycled municipal waste). The primary focus study is identify best practices policymakers can adopt they attempt reduce loss. Our results highlight weak areas individual seem indicate action should be taken improve their by taking into consideration main driving force behind technical efficiency change. findings reveal effective use technological developments determined important strategic information for ensuring performance.